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Tax funding

Income tax loans: spread your self-assessment bill over monthly payments

Spread a January or July self-assessment bill into monthly repayments. How income tax loans work, who they suit, when they are regulated and the alternatives.

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Sole traders to limited companiesPartnerships and LLPs too
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In short

What you need to know.

Yes, specialist lenders will fund a self-assessment bill so HMRC is paid on time, with the loan repaid monthly, ideally before the next payment falls due.

The usual trigger is a January bill that combines a balancing payment with a first payment on account after profits rose. Lenders want your HMRC calculation, recent bank statements and personal credit history, and smaller loans to sole traders can be regulated.

About income tax loans

Specialist knowledge. Better outcomes.

An income tax loan, also called a self-assessment tax loan, is finance used to pay your self-assessment income tax bill to HMRC on time.

An income tax loan, also called a self-assessment tax loan, is finance used to pay your self-assessment income tax bill to HMRC on time, which you then repay in fixed monthly instalments. It is for sole traders, partners in partnerships and LLPs, and company directors whose January or July bill is bigger than the cash they have set aside. Smart Funding Solutions is a broker, not a lender: we look for tax funding that suits the size of your bill, your income pattern and your credit profile.

Income tax loans are part of our HMRC loans range, which also covers VAT and corporation tax.

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How an income tax loan works

  1. Share your tax calculationlenders want your SA302, tax year overview or HMRC statement showing what is due.
  2. Affordability is assessedthe lender reviews your bank statements, income and credit history.
  3. The bill is paidfunds go to HMRC or to you to pay HMRC, depending on the lender.
  4. You repay monthlyfixed repayments over a short term, ideally finishing before the next bill.

Most income tax loans are unsecured. Where the borrower is a partnership or LLP, lenders may ask partners or members for personal guarantees.

Can a sole trader get a self assessment tax loan?

Yes. Specialist lenders fund self assessment bills for sole traders, paying HMRC on time and taking monthly repayments, ideally finished before the next payment on account. Smart Funding Solutions, a whole-of-market commercial finance broker, searches lenders that accept sole traders. Because a sole trader borrows personally, smaller loans can be regulated consumer credit, so expect full affordability checks.

What lenders look at for a sole trader

  • Your HMRC tax calculation or SA302 and the latest tax year overview.
  • Three to six months of bank statements showing income and existing commitments.
  • How long you have been self-employed, and your personal credit file.
  • Whether you also owe for an earlier year, which some lenders will not fund.

Compare it with HMRC's own options

  • Payment plan for an overdue bill: HMRC has said Self Assessment bills of up to £30,000 can be spread online once the return is filed: see HMRC offers time to help pay your tax bill. Interest still runs.
  • Budget Payment Plan: regular payments towards your next bill, if you are up to date: see GOV.UK: pay weekly or monthly.
  • A loan: pays HMRC in full and fixes the repayments, which helps when HMRC will not agree a plan or you want the tax cleared.

Read more in Time to Pay or a tax loan, sole trader loans, self-employed loans and rebuilding your finances as a sole trader. Self-employed professionals such as barristers and GPs often face large January bills too. Instant Quotes shows which lenders on our panel may fund a Self Assessment bill.

When self-assessment tax is due

  • 31 January: the balancing payment for the previous tax year, plus your first payment on account for the current year.
  • 31 July: your second payment on account.

HMRC charges interest on late payment and penalties can follow. See GOV.UK: pay your Self Assessment tax bill for the current rules.

Why the January bill can be a shock

Payments on account are each normally half of the previous year's bill. After a year when profits rose sharply, January brings both the balancing payment for the higher profit and a first payment on account based on it. In your first year of self-employment, when no payments on account were made, the January bill can be close to one and a half times that year's tax. This is the most common reason self-employed people look for funding.

Regulated and unregulated income tax loans

Because self-assessment tax is usually owed by an individual, loans of £25,000 or less to a sole trader or small partnership can be regulated consumer credit. Lenders must then carry out affordability checks and you have statutory protections. Larger loans, and loans to LLPs and companies, are generally unregulated; the lender will tell you which applies.

Alternatives to an income tax loan

  • HMRC Time to Pay: HMRC may agree to spread what you owe; interest still applies and it is at HMRC's discretion. See GOV.UK: if you cannot pay your tax bill on time.
  • Reducing payments on account: if your income has fallen, you can ask HMRC to reduce them, though interest applies if you reduce them too far.
  • Budget payment plan: regular voluntary payments towards your next bill.
  • Other finance: a working capital loan or revolving credit can cover tax alongside other costs.

How to apply

Send us your tax calculation and recent bank statements, ideally before the payment deadline. We explain whether the loan is likely to be regulated, approach suitable lenders and go through the repayments with you. Decisions can come within a few working days once a lender has everything it needs, and funds can follow shortly after signing. Approval is always the lender's decision. When you have your figures, you can explore funding options.

Underwriting

What lenders look at

01

A UK-based sole trader, partnership, LLP or director with a self-assessment liability.

02

A trading or income history, with tax returns filed.

03

Recent bank statements showing the repayments are affordable alongside living costs and next year's tax.

04

Your personal credit history, which carries more weight for the self-employed than for a company.

If you trade on your own, our page on sole trader loans explains how lenders assess self-employed income more generally.

The same evidence underpins most borrowing when you work for yourself; our guide to self-employed loans compares personal and business loans and explains how lenders read your income.

Checklist

Documents you will usually need

  • Your HMRC tax calculation or statement.
  • Recent bank statements, typically the last three months.
  • Your latest tax return or filed accounts.
  • Proof of identity and address.

Benefits and drawbacks

BenefitsDrawbacks
HMRC is paid on time, avoiding late payment interest and penaltiesInterest and fees add to the cost of your tax
Cash stays available for running the businessPersonal liability, particularly for sole traders and guarantors
Fixed repayments are easy to budget forIf next year's bill arrives before this loan is repaid, commitments overlap
Side by side

Compare your options

How the main business finance structures work. Lenders set their own terms, so treat this as a guide to the questions to ask.

OptionHow you repaySecurityOften used for
Unsecured business loan Fixed instalments, usually monthlyNo charge over assets; a personal guarantee is usually requiredGrowth, stock, tax bills and cash flow
Secured business loan Fixed instalments, often over a longer termA charge over property or other assetsLarger sums, property and refinancing
Revolving credit facility Interest on what you draw; repay and redrawVaries by lender and caseRecurring or uneven cash flow gaps
Merchant cash advance A share of future card takingsNo charge over assetsCard-taking businesses with uneven months
Asset finance Regular payments over the life of the assetThe asset being financedEquipment, vehicles and machinery
Invoice finance Settled as customers pay their invoicesYour unpaid invoicesBusinesses waiting on customer payment

General information only. Every lender has its own criteria, and all finance is subject to status.

Which tax loan do you need to pay your tax bill?

The right loan to pay a tax bill depends on who owes the tax. Self Assessment is owed by you personally, so an income tax loan is assessed on your own income and credit. VAT, Corporation Tax and PAYE are owed by the business, so a business tax loan is the right route.

Tax billWho owes itFunding route
Self Assessment income tax, including Class 4 National Insurance for most self-employed peopleYou, as a sole trader, partner, LLP member or directorIncome tax loan (this page)
Corporation TaxYour limited companyCorporation tax loan
VATA VAT-registered businessVAT loan
PAYE and employer National InsuranceThe employerPAYE loan

What paying Self Assessment late costs

HMRC charges late payment penalties of 5% of the tax unpaid at 30 days, 6 months and 12 months after the due date, plus interest on the amount owed. Since 6 April 2025, late payment interest has been set at Bank of England base rate plus 4%, and HMRC publishes the current rate.

Is a loan cheaper than paying HMRC late?

Not always. Set the total cost of the loan, including any fees, against the interest and penalties that would build up if you paid late, and against a Time to Pay arrangement, where interest still applies. A loan tends to make more sense where HMRC will not agree a plan, you need a longer spread, or you want a clean record with HMRC. Our Time to Pay or tax loan comparison walks through the decision.

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FAQs

Questions clients ask

Can I get an income tax loan after the payment deadline?

Some lenders will fund a bill shortly after the deadline, but HMRC charges interest on late payment from the due date and penalties can follow. Start the process as early as possible, and if you cannot pay on time, speak to HMRC about Time to Pay before the deadline passes rather than after.

Can a company director get an income tax loan?

Yes, if you have a personal self-assessment liability, for example on dividends. The loan is made to you personally rather than the company, so the lender assesses your own income, bank statements and credit history. If the tax is owed by the company, such as corporation tax or PAYE, a business tax loan such as a corporation tax loan is the right route instead.

Can I get an income tax loan with bad credit?

Some lenders will consider an income tax loan with adverse credit, but the choice is narrower and pricing is usually higher. Your personal credit history carries more weight for the self-employed than for a company, so lenders look at how recent and how serious any problems were. Bank statements showing steady income and room for the repayments help. Our page on bad credit business loans explains how lenders view credit issues.

Can I get an income tax loan in my first year of self-employment?

Possibly, as long as your tax return is filed and your bank statements show income that supports the repayments. The first January bill is often the largest, because it can combine the balancing payment with a first payment on account. Lenders want an income history, so a very short record narrows the options. Applying well before 31 January gives the most choice, including the option of asking HMRC for Time to Pay.

Can partners in a partnership get an income tax loan?

Yes, partners in a partnership or members of an LLP can get an income tax loan to pay their Self Assessment bills. Loans of £25,000 or less to a sole trader or a small partnership of two or three partners can be regulated consumer credit, with affordability checks and statutory protections. Where the borrower is a partnership or LLP, lenders may ask partners or members for personal guarantees. See HMRC loans for other tax funding options.

Is it a good idea to take out a loan to pay a tax bill?

It can be, if the repayments fit comfortably alongside your living costs and your next tax bill, and the loan costs less than paying late or the interest under a Time to Pay arrangement. It is a poor idea if you would need another loan for next year's bill too. In that case, a budget payment plan or reviewing your payments on account may address the underlying gap.

How much can I borrow to pay my tax bill?

Lenders usually size a tax loan to the bill shown on your HMRC calculation, subject to affordability from your bank statements and credit history. Across our panel we arrange business finance from £10,000 to £20 million. Loans of £25,000 or less to sole traders and small partnerships can be regulated consumer credit, which brings affordability checks and statutory protections.

Can I get a tax loan if I already have a Time to Pay arrangement?

Sometimes. Some lenders will fund the remaining balance so the arrangement can be cleared, but they will look at why the plan was needed, whether instalments have been paid on time and how the new loan repayment compares with the current one. Have the arrangement letter and recent payment history ready, and do not stop paying HMRC until the loan has completed.

Can a sole trader get a self assessment tax loan?

Yes. Specialist lenders fund self assessment bills for sole traders, paying HMRC and taking monthly repayments. Smaller loans to sole traders can be regulated consumer credit with full affordability checks. Lenders usually want your HMRC calculation, bank statements and credit history. Smart Funding Solutions, a commercial finance broker, searches lenders that accept sole traders; compare the cost with an HMRC payment plan first.

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What our clients say

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